How fast is India urbanising

India is urbanising rapidly. Currently, 36% of Indians live in cities, and this number is growing at 2.3% annually. By 2036, over 40% of India's population is expected to live in urban areas.

Fastest growing cities

• Tier 2 cities: Surat, Pune, and Ahmedabad are growing fastest
• Mumbai: Still the largest, but growth is slowing
• Bangalore: Tech hub continues to attract talent

Challenges of urbanisation

• Housing: Need for affordable housing in cities
• Infrastructure: Roads, transport, and utilities are under pressure
• Environment: Pollution and waste management challenges

Source

Census of India, Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs. Figures reflect the most recent data available as of July 2026.